Viruses - a reason of system crash or hangs And its solution in windows

                                                     Top Ten Reasons Why A system HANGS
Often the first sign of a virus infection is instability. Some viruses erase the boot sector of a hard drive, making it impossible to start.
Virus protection requires constant vigilance.
A virus scanner requires a list of virus signatures in order to be able to identify viruses. These signatures are stored in a DAT file. DAT files should be updated weekly from the website of your antivirus software manufacturer.
Also Check: How to check the Antivirus Program whether it is working or not
Some of the popular antivirus Programs are

 1. Microsoft Security Essential
 2. Avg Antivirus
 3. Avast Antivirus
 4. Avira antivirus
 5. Kaspersky antivirus
 6. McAfee antivirus      etc...........
                   
Use any one of the following antivirus program to scan your computer.

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Fatal OE exceptions and VXD errors-A reason of system crash or hangs and its solution in windows

                                        Top Ten Reasons Why A system HANGS
Fatal OE exception errors and VXD errors are often caused by video card problems.These can often be resolved easily by reducing the resolution of the video display. To do so Go to

Start -> Settings -> Control Panel -> Display -> Settings

Here you should slide the screen area bar to the left. Take a look at the colour settings on the left of that window. For most desktops, high colour 16-bit depth and for most laptop using vista and seven 32 bit depth is adequate.
If the screen freezes or you experience system lockups it might be due to the video card. Make sure it does not have a hardware conflict.

Go to

Start -> Settings -> Control Panel -> System -> Device Manager

Here, select the + beside Display Adapter. A line of text describing your video card should appear. Select it (make it blue) and press properties. Then select Resources and select each line in the window. Look for a message that says No Conflicts.
If you have video card hardware conflict, you will see it here. Be careful at this point and make a note of everything you do in case you make things worse.
The way to resolve a hardware conflict is to uncheck the Use Automatic Settings box and hit the Change Settings button. You are searching for a setting that will display a No Conflicts message.

Another useful way to resolve video problems is to go to

Start -> Settings -> Control Panel -> System -> Performance -> Graphics

Here you should move the Hardware Acceleration slider to the left. As ever, the most common cause of problems relating to graphics cards is old or faulty drivers (a driver is a small piece of software used by a computer to communicate with a device).
Look up your video card's manufacturer on the internet and search for the most recent drivers for it.

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Hard disk drive - A reason of system crash or hangs and its solution in windows

                                           Top Ten Reasons Why A system HANGS
After a few weeks, the information on a hard disk drive starts to become piecemeal or fragmented. It is a good idea to defragment the hard disk every week or so, to prevent the disk from causing a screen freeze.
To do so go to

Start -> Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Disk Defragmenter or right click on the drive then select properties -> navigate to tools tab -> select defragment now

This will start the procedure. You will be unable to write data to the hard drive (to save it) while the disk is defragmenting, so it is a good idea to schedule the procedure for a period of inactivity using the Task Scheduler.
The Task Scheduler should be one of the small icons on the bottom right of the Windows opening page (the desktop).

Some lockups and screen freezes caused by hard disk problems can be solved by reducing the read-ahead optimisation. This can be adjusted by going to

Start -> Settings-Control Panel -> System Icon -> Performance -> File System -> Hard Disk.

Hard disks will slow down and crash if they are too full. Do some housekeeping on your hard drive every few months and free some space on it. Open the Windows folder on the C drive and find the Temporary Internet Files folder. Deleting the contents (not the folder) can free a lot of space.
Empty the Recycle Bin every week to free more space. Hard disk drives should be scanned every week for errors or bad sectors. Go to

start -> Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools -> ScanDisk

Otherwise assign the Task Scheduler to perform this operation at night when the computer is not in use.

You can also delete the temporary file from windows and also from user.
To do so open RUN window and type temp or %temp% and hit enter. Then delete all the file from the opened window.
It will free up some disk space.

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BIOS settings - A reason of system crash or hangs and its solution in windows

                                              Top Ten Reasons Why A system HANGS
Every motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.
Once inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen. That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.
A common BIOS error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO (extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and freeze the computer's display.
Mcft Windows is better at allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS. If possible set the IRQ numbers to Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers (make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to allow Windows to do this.).

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Bad RAM - a reason of system crash or hangs And its solution in windows

                                             Top Ten Reasons Why A system HANGS

Ram (random-access memory) problems might bring an blue screen of death with a message saying Fatal Exception Error.
A fatal error indicates a serious hardware problem. Sometimes it may mean a part is damaged and will need replacing.
But a fatal error caused by Ram might be caused by a mismatch of chips. For example, mixing 70-nanosecond (70ns) Ram with 60ns Ram will usually force the computer to run all the Ram at the slower speed. This will often crash the machine if the Ram is overworked.

One way around this problem is to go to the BIOS settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more stable.
Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out. Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be easily damaged.
Parity error messages also refer to Ram. Modern Ram chips are either parity (ECC) or non parity (non-ECC). It is best not to mix the two types, as this can be a cause of trouble.
EMM386 error messages refer to memory problems but may not be connected to bad Ram. This may be due to free memory problems often linked to old Dos-based programmes.

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Hardware Conflict - a reason of system crash or hangs And its solution

Top Ten Reasons Why A system HANGS

The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
For example, a printer usually connects internally on IRQ 7. The keyboard usually uses IRQ 1 and the floppy disk drive IRQ 6. Each device will try to use a single IRQ for itself.
If there are a lot of devices, or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same time, a crash can happen.

How to check if your computer has a hardware conflict or not?

Open "Device manager" (start-setting-control panel- system device manager) or ( Right click on my computer on desktop - Select manage - Click on device manager on left side)
Generally when a device has problem then it is marked by yellow color in the description. Highlight Computer (in the Device Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your computer. If the IRQ number appears twice, two devices may be using it.
Sometimes a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is to remove the problem device and reinstall it.
Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).
When working inside a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity.
To be fair to Mcft, the problem with IRQ numbers is not of its making. It is a legacy problem going back to the first PC designs using the IBM 8086 chip. Initially there were only eight IRQs. Today there are 16 IRQs in a PC. It is easy to run out of them. There are plans to increase the number of IRQs in future designs.

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How to add Disk Defragment option to context menu or Simply right click of a selected drive in windows XP, Vista and Seven without using any 3rd party software

Disk Defragment:
               Disk fragmentation describes the process of consolidating fragmented files on your computer's hard disk. Fragmentation happens to a hard disk over time as you save, change, or delete files. The changes that you save to a file are often stored at a location on the hard disk that's different from the original file. Additional changes are saved to even more locations. Over time, both the file and the hard disk itself become fragmented, and your computer slows down as it has to look in many different places to open a file.
Disk Defragmenter is a tool that rearranges the data on your hard disk and reunites fragmented files so your computer can run more efficiently. In this version of Windows, Disk Defragmenter runs on a schedule so you don't have to remember to run it, although you can still run it manually or change the schedule it uses. By this process we will able to find the disk defragment option to right click of a selected drive.

Before going through the tutorial you must create a back up of your windows registry.
Also Check: Process to back up Windows Registry
Steps:
 !. Open Registry Editor and Navigate to the following key.
   HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Drive\shell
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 2. Now create a new key under shell and name it as "Defragment"
 3. Now create another key under Defragment and name it "Command"
 4. Now select command keyand and in the right side menu change the value of default to "dfrgui.exe" (without quotes)

That is it. Now refresh or reboot your system and You will find an extra option defragment on the context menu of the drive.

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How to add Disk Clean up option to context menu or Simply right click of a selected drive in windows XP, Vista and Seven without using any 3rd party software

Disk Cleanup:
  It reduce the number of unnecessary files on your hard disk to free up disk space and help your computer run faster. It removes temporary files, empties the Recycle Bin, and removes a variety of system files and other items that you no longer need.
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Before going through the tutorial you must create a back up of your Windows Registry.
 Also Check: Process to back up the Windows registry
Steps:
 1. Open your registry editor.
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 2. Now navigate to the following key.
    HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Drive\shell
 3. Now create a new key under shell and name it as "Disk Clean up"
 4. Now create another key under Defragment and name it "Command"
 5. Now select command key and and in the right side menu change the value of default to "cleanmgr.exe /d %1" (without quotes)

That is it. Now refresh or reboot your system and You will find an extra option disk clean up on the context menu of the drive.

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Shortcut keys Of Microsoft Office Word 2003, 2007 and 2010

MICROSOFT OFFICE WORD SHORTCUT KEYS

CTRL + A              Selects all text in current document
CTRL + B              BOLD highlighted text
CTRL + I              ITALICIZE highlighted text
CTRL + U              UNDERLINE highlighted text
CTRL + X              Cuts (deletes) all highlighted text
CTRL + C              Copies all highlighted text to the Windows clipboard
CTRL + V              Pastes contents of Windows clipboard into current document at cursor position                                      
CTRL + K              Insert hyperlink
CTRL + P              Displays the print dialogue
CTRL + Z              Undo last action
CTRL + Y              Repeat last action
CTRL + F              Displays Microsoft Word’s Find dialogue
SHIFT + F4            Repeat most recent Find command
CTRL + K              Insert hyperlink
CTRL + L              Left justifies current line or highlighted text
CTRL + E              Center justifies current line or highlighted text
CTRL + R              Right justifies current line or highlighted text
SHIFT + F3            Changes case of highlighted text
CTRL + N              Opens new blank document
CTRL + P              Displays the print dialogue
CTRL + SHIFT + F      Displays the font properties dialogue
CTRL + SHIFT + >      Increase highlighted text font size incrementally
CTRL + SHIFT + <      Decrease highlighted text font size incrementally
CTRL + ]              Increase highlighted text font size incrementally
CTRL + [              Decrease highlighted text font size incrementally
CTRL + SHIFT + *      Toggles display of non-printing characters
CTRL + UP ARROW       Positions cursor at beginning of current paragraph
CTRL + DOWN ARROW     Positions cursor at end of current paragraph
CTRL + M              Indent current paragraph
CTRL + DEL            Deletes word to right of cursor
CTRL + BACKSPACE      Deletes word to left of cursor
CTRL + SPACEBAR       Resets highlighted text to default font
CTRL + 1              Spaces current line or highlighted text using single line spacing
CTRL + 5              Spaces current line or highlighted text using 1.5 line spacing
CTRL + 2              Spaces current line or highlighted text using double line spacing
CTRL + ALT + 1        Formats highlighted text to Heading 1
CTRL + ALT + 2        Formats highlighted text to Heading 2
CTRL + ALT + 3        Formats highlighted text to Heading 3
F4                    Repeat last action (Microsoft Office 2000 or higher only)
F5                    Opens Go To dialogue
SHIFT F5              Jump to previous edit point in document
F7                    Spell check entire document or only highlighted text
SHIFT + F7            Opens the Thesaurus dialogue
F8                    Turns on Selection Mode. Use any Word feature to add to selection or F8 to increase selection by word, sentence, paragraph or document                                  
F12                   Opens the Save Document As dialogue
SHIFT + F12           Saves current document
CTRL + F6             Rotate through open documents
ALT + F6              Toggle between open documents and program dialogues
ALT + Mouse click     Opens the Research Panel (if installed) showing information about current word or selection

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Shortcut Keys Of Microsoft Office Excel 2003, 2007 and 2010

 MICROSOFT OFFICE EXCEL SHORTCUT KEYS

F12                 Edit contents of a cell
F7                  Spell check entire document or only highlighted text
F11                 Create chart
CTRL + ;            Enter the current date
CTRL + SHIFT + ;    Enter the current time
CTRL + ‘            Copies formula from cell above into current cell
CTRL + SHIFT + “    Copies value from cell above into current cell
CTRL + `            Toggles between displaying cell contents and cell formulas
CTRL + R            Copies contents of current cell into selected cells to the right
CTRL + D            Copies contents of current cell into selected cells below
ALT + SHIFT + F1    Create new worksheet
SHIFT + F3          Displays the formula dialogue
SHIFT + F5          Displays the search dialogue
CTRL + 1            Opens the Format Cells dialogue
CTRL + A            Selects all text in current document
CTRL + B            BOLD highlighted text
CTRL + I            ITALICIZE highlighted text
CTRL + U            UNDERLINE highlighted text
CTRL + 5            STRIKETHROUGH highlighted text
CTRL + X            Cuts (deletes) all highlighted text
CTRL + C            Copies all highlighted text to the Windows clipboard
CTRL + V            Pastes contents of Windows clipboard into current document at cursor position
CTRL + K            Insert hyperlink
CTRL + P            Displays the print dialogue
CTRL + Z            Undo last action
CTRL + Y            Repeat last action
CTRL + F6           Switches between open workbooks
CTRL + F9           Minimize current window
CTRL + F10          Maximize current window
CTRL + PGUP         Rotates forward between worksheets in current document
CTRL + PGDN         Rotates backward between worksheets in current document
CTRL + TAB             Rotates between open documents
CTRL + SHIFT + !       Displays numbers in comma format
CTRL + SHIFT + @       Displays numbers in time format
CTRL + SHIFT + #       Displays numbers in date format
CTRL + SHIFT + $       Displays numbers in currency format
CTRL + SHIFT + %       Displays numbers in percentage format
CTRL + SHIFT + ^       Displays numbers in scientific format
CTRL + SHIFT + ~       Displays numbers without special formatting
ALT + =                Adds a range of cells
CTRL + SHIFT + RIGHT ARROW     Positions cursor at next section of text
CTRL + SHIFT + LEFT ARROW      Positions cursor at previous section of text
CTRL + SPACE                   Selects entire current column
SHIFT + SPACE                  Selects entire current row

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